ば-form Verb Conjugation
All basic forms of Japanese verbs end in what is called the "u-row," like う(u), く(ku), す(su), つ(tsu), ぬ(nu), ふ(hu), む(mu), る(ru), ぐ(gu) and ぶ(bu)
Conditional Ba-form Verb Conjugation
When you want to connect a verb with the particle ば you need to change the "u-row" to the "e-row."
Hiragana Chart
あ
か
さ
た
な
は
ま
や
ら
わ
い
き
し
ち
に
ひ
み
り
う
く
す
つ
ぬ
ふ
む
ゆ
る
を
え
き
せ
て
ね
へ
め
れ
お
こ
そ
と
の
ほ
も
よ
ろ
ん
- [Ichidan Verb] る Verb → 見る + ば → 見れば
- [Godan Verb] る Verb → 座る + ば → 座れば
- [Godan Verb] う Verb → 歌う + ば → 歌えば
- [Godan Verb] く Verb → 歩く + ば → 歩けば
- [Godan Verb] す Verb → 話す + ば → 話せば
- [Godan Verb] つ Verb → 立つ + ば → 立てば
- [Godan Verb] ぬ Verb → 死ぬ + ば → 死ねば
- [Godan Verb] ぶ Verb → 飛ぶ + ば → 飛べば
- [Godan Verb] む Verb → 休む + ば → 休めば
- [Godan Verb] ぐ Verb → 泳ぐ + ば → 泳げば
Irregular Conditional Ba-form Verb Conjugation
ば indicantes conditional ば-Form conjunction
Sentence Structure Pattern
- [ Conditional Ba Form Verb ]
- [ い-Adjective ] + ければ
- [ な-Adjective ] + ならば
- [ Noun ] + ならば
English Meaning
if
Conditional form: This form is used to indicate the condition for something to happen.
It's often used in the format of "もし...ならば" and corresponds to "if" or "when" in English.
Generally, "ば" is added to the stem of the predicate verb or い-adjective or な-adjective to form its conditional form.
For verbs, you can create the conditional form by changing the "u" sound of the dictionary form to the "e" sound, and then appending "ば".
Japanese
8時に家を出れば、間に合う。
English
Japanese
予定が合えば、行きます。
English
Negative Forms
Sentence Structure Pattern
- [ Verb ]+ なければ
- [ い-Adjective ] + なければ
- [ な-Adjective ] で + なければ
- [ Noun ] で + なければ
現在のこと
Japanese
(もし)暑ければ、窓を開けてください。
English
If it's hot, please open the window.
Japanese
面白ければ、僕もその本を読みます。
English
If it's interesting, I will read that book too.
Japanese
ここまで来れば、1人で帰れます。
English
If I can get this far, I can go home alone.
によれば
Sentence Structure Pattern
- 〜によれば
English Meaning
According to
Japanese
彼の話によれば、その本は面白いらしい。
English
According to him, the book is interesting.
ば used to indicate reason
Japanese
彼が来れば、5人になる。
English
If he comes, there will be five of us.
ば used to indicate habit or custom
Japanese
机に向かえば、眠くなる。
English
I become sleepy when I sit at the desk.
Japanese
暇さえあれば、ゲームをしてます。
English
If I have even a little free time, I play games.
ば indicates parallelism
Sentence Structure Pattern
- Aもあれば、Bもある。
- Aもできれば、Bもできる。
English Meaning
not only A but also B
Japanese
この店はりんごもあれば、みかんもある。
English
This store has not only apples but also oranges.
Japanese
彼は英語も話せれば、中国語も話せる。
English
He can speak not only English but also Chinese.